Woo Hoo!!
I got the back on, put it on my wrist 14 hours ago, and it's still working and keeping accurate time!! :D
As much trouble as I had, I think the bloody thing is just waiting for me to take it off and put it in the box so it can die quietly while I'm not looking. Now I'm afraid to take it off to go to sleep.
Additional things noted while fooling around trying to get it working:
sometimes nothing would light up
sometimes one random digit would light in a random location
sometimes the : would light
sometimes a random digit would march across the display continuously
sometimes it would run for a few minutes and quit altogether
It would ALWAYS work on external power, although sometimes it took some mucking about to get it started.
Currently using a timing crystal I bought from Digi-Key for 27 cents. Same one I mentioned in my other post.